FLOWERS AND FRUITS OF THE EART11. - Of these the palm was an emblem of victory ; the laurel, of triumph; the oak, of strength ; the olive, of peace ; the cypress, of woe ; the vine, of fecundity and joy ; the lily, of purity ; the daisy, of humility ; while the holy "Trefoil, St John's wort, and dill hinder witches of their will."

Fleur-de-lys. - At the head of heraldic flowers, if flower indeed it be, is the fieur-de-lys (fig. 60), the Flos gladioli of Upton, said to have been brought down by an angel for the arms of France, and which was certainly used by Louis VII. and borne singly and in numbers by Philip Augustus. It may be allied to the lily - "The lily, lady of the flowery field, Or fleur-de-luce, her lovely paramour ;" ' or its original designation may have been " Fleur de Louis." It was not at first popular either in Normandy or in England, occurring but twice in the roll of Henry III., and only twenty times in that of Edward 11., nor was it until its assumption by Edward TT I. that it came into general use in England. The Cantilupes bore three fleurs-de-lys before they added the yards' heads (fig. 98).

Digby of Coleshill: azure, a fleur-de-lys argent. Portman of Orchard-Portman : or, a fleur-de-lys azure.

Beaumont, to show his claim to descend from the blood-royal of France, bears azure, semile of fleurs-de-lys, a lion rampant or.

Hawkins: argent, on a saltire sable a fleur-dblys or. New College, Oxford: sable, three lilies slipped argent.

The Rose (Flo florum) is a very popular charge in English heraldry, though in the roll of Henry III it occurs but once, and in that of Edward TT. only twelve times. Usually the flower is borne alone and full-faced, with five petals, and barbs and seeds between them. If a stalk is shown, it is usually'` slipped," that is, cut off obliquely.

Bosertwen of Boscawen-Rose: ermine, a rose gules, barbed and seeded proper (fig 114).

Bilsnn,bishop of Winchester: azure, a rose and pomegranate impaled dimidiated, gmes and or, barbed, seeded, stalked, and slipped eonnterehanged.

The rose is also used in the chaplet, a favourite head ornament, of which a good example may be seen upon the conical helmet of Humphrey de Bobun (1267), in Gloucester cathedral. After the gallant defence of Calais in 1348, in which Edward. and the Black Prince served under Sir Walter Manny, the king was so pleased with the valour shown by his prisoner Eustace de Ribeaumont that he took a chaplet from his own head and gave it to Sir Eustace with his liberty, bidding him "wear it for a year for the love of me."

Greystoke: harry of six, argent and azure, three chaplets gales• The Trefoil, Quatrefoil, Cinquefoil, and Sixfoil are all common charges, usually but not always borne, like the rose, without a stalk.

Harvey of lekworih: gales, on a bend argent three trefoils slipped vest. Vincent of Stoke D'Abernon : azure, three quatrefoils argent (fig. 111). Robert de Bellomont, earl of Leicester (1191-1220), sealed with a cinquefoil, bearing on each foil An ermine spot; nod Robert de Quincy, the son of one of Earl Robert's sisters, bore "de goules sing quintefod de hermyn." Umfravile of Pcnmark: gules, a sixfoil or.

The Thistle, which gives name to the Scottish order, is also an heraldic bearing in that country.

Leaves, feuilles, are borne by Leveson and Foulis ; hazel leaves by Hazlerigge of Noseley ; strawberry leaves, or fraises, by Fraskr of Lovat ; walnut leaves by Waller ; oak leaves by Oakes ; by Elmes of Lifl'ord, elm leaves ; rye and barley or orge by Rye and Grandorge. 13igland bears three ears of big.

Wood and Borough bear trees rooted up or eradicated.

Borough of Chetwynd : gales, the stem and trunk of a tree eradicated and cooped, sprouting in two branches argent, When Queen Elizabeth visited Worcester the citizens transplanted. a pear tree laden with fruit into the market-place, for \\EMI attention she added pears to the city arms. Warden abbey, Beds, was famous for a pear that bore its name and constituted its arms - azure, three Warden pears or. The kingdom of Granada lore argent, a pomegranate slipped proper. Serjeaux bore argent, a saltire sable between twelve cherries slipped gules.

The Garb, gerbe, or wheatsheaf, was a common bearing, especially in Cheshire. Sometimes the garb is banded of a different colour.

Grosvenor ; azure, a garb or.

Vernon of Shipbrook : or, on a fess three garbs of the field.