JUBA IL, kin,t' of Mauretania, was on the death of his father Juba I. in 46 B c. carried to Rome, a mere infant, to grace Ctesar's triumph. He seems to have received a good education under the care of Octavianus (afterwards _Augustus), whom he accompanied later in his campaign against Antony. In 29 B.C., after Antony's death, Octavianus gave the young African the hand of Cleopatra Selene, daughter of Antony a-nd Cleopatra, and placed him on his paternal throne. In 25 B.C., however, he transferred him from Numidia to the kingdoms formerly held by Bocchus and Boguas, viz., Mauretania Tingitana and Mauretania Ciesariensis, to which was added a part of (4ttilift. Juba fixed his royal residence at Jol, whose name he changed to Caesarea, and which is now identified with the modern Cherchel, about 72 miles west of Algiers. He seems to have reigned in considerable prosperity, though in 6 A.D. the Gretulians rose in a revolt of sufficient importance to afford the surname C-Iutulicus to Cornelius COS311S, the Roman general whose aid the king called in to suppress it. According to Josephus (1 at. xvii. 13,1 and 4; B. J., ii. 7, 4), Juba married in second nuptials Glaphyra, daughter of Archelaus of Cappadocia, and widow of Alexander, son of Herod the Great, afterwards wife of Alexander's brother, the Archelaus of the New Testament. The date of Juba's death is by no means certain ; from the evidence of coins and certain allusions in Strabo, scholars have been led to place it in 19 or 20 A.D.

Juba, to quote the words of Pliny, was more memorable for his writings than for his crown. He wrote many historical and geographical works, of which some seem to have been voluminous and of considerable value on account of the sources to which their author had access. Unfortunately they are known to us only from fragments imbedded in other writers. The list given by C. Midler in his Fragmenta Ilistori•orum GrXCOTUM (vol. iii., Paris, 1849), is as follows : - (1) `Pwitatch icrropia; (2) 'Acro-vplaud ; (3) Ati3uka; (4) De Arabia sire De Expeditione Arablea; (5) Physioloya; (6) Dc Enpliorbia herba; (7) IlepL ZroL •' (8) dept 7paOucijs Carypdcprep); (9) IDEaTpu87 ioropta ; (10) `0,ctotor72res ; (11) HEpl cpeOpaS A4EWS ; (12) 'E7rtypayilet. Muller (loc. cit.) has collected at the head of Juba's fragments the scattered notices of the king from the writers of antiquity. See also Sevin in Mem. de 1: Acad. des Inscriptions, vol. iv.