Saline water use, 103
Sandy Island, South Carolina, 176
Saudi Arabia, 38
Savannah River site, 70
Scottsdale, Arizona, 176
SDWA (Safe Drinking Water Act), 119-121
Sea levels, 26-27, 29, 30f
Secondhand smoke. See Environmental tobacco smoke
Sector Facility Indexing Project (SFIP), 8-9
Seif v. Chester Residents Concerned Citizens et al., 7
Settlement, tobacco lawsuit, 161
Shipping
hazardous wastes, 56
low-level radioactive waste, 69-70, 70f
municipal solid waste, 61
Shoreline impairment, 113
"Sick-building syndrome," 162
Siltation, 111-112, 112f
Sivertsson, Anders, 34
Slash and burn land clearing methods, 170-171
Small-quantity hazardous waste generators, 55, 55t
Smuggling of banned substances, 8, 47-48, 48
Social class and trash generation, 59, 60
Soil, 133-134, 133f, 181-182
Soil Calcium Depletion Linked to Acid Rain and Forest Growth in the Eastern United States (USGS), 134, 176
Solar cycles, 28
Solar energy, 205-207, 205f, 207f
Solar thermal energy systems, 206
Sole-source aquifers, 120
Sorting, municipal solid waste, 59-60
Source reduction, 63-64
Sources
air and water pollution, 116f
atmospheric sulfate, 129-130
carbon monoxide emissions, 75-76
drinking water, 121
energy, 192(f10.1)
groundwater contamination, 117f
lead emissions, 77
nitrogen dioxide emissions, 77-78
ozone emissions, 78-80
particulate matter, 82-83
sulfur dioxide, 84
water pollution, 111t, 115-116, 115f, 116f
South America, 170-171
South Carolina
Barnwell low-level radioactive waste disposal site, 69
Beachfront Management Act (South Carolina), 6
Sandy Island development, 176
Savannah River site, 70
Spent nuclear fuel, 70, 71-73, 71f, 72f
SRF (State Revolving Fund), 121
State of the Air: 2003 (American Lung Association), 81
State Revolving Fund (SRF), 121
States
alternative fuel stations, 94t
compacts, 69-70
government fleets, 93-94
irrigation withdrawals, 109f
landfills and waste-to energy plants, 62t
methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) bans, 88, 89t
municipal solid waste, shipping of, 61
nonhazardous waste disposal regulations, 58
ozone standards, 81f
recycling programs, 64
spent nuclear fuel, 71f
State Revolving Fund (SRF), 121
water quality violations, 126, 126f
Statistical information
Air Quality Index (AQI), 82(t 5.1)
alternative fuel stations by state and fuel type, 94t
alternative fuel vehicle ownership, 93(f5.24)
alternative-fueled vehicles by type, 92t, 93(f5.23)
asbestosis deaths, 153(f8.6)
blood lead levels in children, 149(f8.2)
carbon dioxide concentrations, 27(f2.3)
carbon monoxide, 76f, 77(f5.3)
chemical toxin releases by industry, 143t
cigarette smoking among adults, 158t
cigarette smoking among teens, 159t
cigarette smoking and serious medical conditions, 160t
cotinine in children's blood, 160f
dioxins exposure, 165t
drinking water quality violations, 126f
energy production by source, 192(f10.1), 193t-194t, 208f
environmental industry, 5f, 5t
EPA criminal enforcement program, 9f
EPA enforcement costs, 10f
ethanol production capacity, 198f
farm acres by crop, 150f
fish consumption advisories, 114f
fluoridation, 152f
food pathogens, 166t
fuel economy, 90(f5.21)
global temperature changes, 28f
greenhouse gas emissions, 26t
greenhouse gases by economic sector, 27(f2.2)
groundwater contamination sources, 117f
hazardous waste disposal methods, 56t
hybrid car sales and specifications, 95t
hypoxia, 151f
irrigation withdrawals by state, 109f
lakes under pollution advisories, 164(f8.12)
land use, 181f
landfills and waste-to energy plants, 62t
lead, 77(f5.4), 78(f5.5)
low-level radioactive waste disposal, 69(4.13)
low-level radioactive waste shipments, 69-70, 70f
methane emissions, 35f
motor vehicle ownership, 87f
motor vehicle sales by type, 90(f5.22)
municipal solid waste, generation rates, 59(f4.5)
municipal solid waste generation, by category, 58f
municipal solid waste management, 61f
National Ambient Air Quality Standards levels, 85(f5.17)
nitrogen dioxide, 78(f5.6), 79(f5.7)
nitrous oxide emissions, 36f
oxygenated fuels, 88f
ozone, 79(f5.8), 80f, 81f, 82t
ozone-depleting chemicals, 46t, 51f
ozone depletion over Antarctica, 45f
ozone pollution, 82(t 5.2)
particulate matter, 83f, 84(f5.14)
persistent bioaccumulative toxic (PBT) chemical releases, 145t
personal environmental involvement, 18f, 19f, 20(f1.13)
photovoltaic module shipments, 207(f10.14)
population growth, 3f
public opinion on air pollution, 99t, 100f
public opinion on course of environmental action, 14f
public opinion on environmental quality, 12, 13f
public opinion on global warming, 40t, 41t, 42f
public opinion on governmental role in environmental protection, 13, 16f
public opinion on ozone depletion, 51t
public opinion on specific environmental concerns, 12-13, 15f
public opinion on toxic waste disposal, 74t
public opinion on tropical rain forest loss, 189, 189t
public opinion on water quality, 127t, 128t
public opinion rating government agencies' performance, 13, 17f
public water supplies, 121t
radiation exposure, 153(f8.7)
rainfall pH measurements, 131f
recovery and discards of municipal solid waste, 59(f4.6)
recycling, 64f, 65f
renewable energy consumption, 192(f10.2), 195f, 196f
river miles under pollution advisories, 164(f8.13)
solar thermal collector manufacturers, 207
spent nuclear fuel, 71f
sulfur dioxide, 84(f5.15), 85(f5.16)
sulfur oxide allowances, 137(f7.6)
sulfur oxide emissions, 137(f7.7)
Superfund appropriations, 69(f4.12)
surface water quality, 110t
toxic chemicals with largest TRI releases, 144t
volatile organic compounds emissions, 79(f5.8)
water quality violations, 126f
water use, 103t, 104f, 105f, 106f
wetlands loss, 179f
wind energy, 204f
young Americans' rankings of U.S. problems, 22f
Stockholm Conference, 9-10
Strategic Plan for the U.S. Climate Change Science Program, 38
Stratospheric ozone, 44f
Studies, reports and surveys
Acid Rain: Emissions Trends and Effects in the Eastern United States (EPA and GAO), 138
Acid Rain Program, 2002 Progress Report (EPA), 137-138
Acid Rain Revisited (Hubbard Brook Research Foundation), 138-139
America's Forests: 2003 Health Update, 171, 172
The Benefits and Costs of the Clean Air Act (EPA), 97
Climate Change 2001 (International Panel on Climate Change), 33-34
Combined Summaries: Technologies to Sustain Tropical Forest Resources and Biological Diversity (U.S. Office of Technology Assessment), 170
EPA Assessment of Risks from Radon in Homes, 153
Estimated Use of Water in the United States (U.S. Geological Survey), 101-103
Evaluation of Erosion Hazards (FEMA), 180
"Exposure to Power-Frequency Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Childhood Cancer" (AMA), 157
Health Effects from Exposure to Power- Line Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields, 156
Indoor Air Pollution: Federal Efforts Are Not Effectively Addressing a Growing Problem (GAO), 162
Indoor Pollution: Status of Federal Research Activities (GAO), 162
Information on EPA's Draft Reassessment of Dioxins (GAO), 163
Information on Human Exposure to Radiofrequency Fields from Cellular and PCS Radio Transmitters (FCC), 156-157
Latest Findings on National Air Quality: 2002 Status and Trends (EPA), 75
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 through 2003 (EPA), 90
Liquid Assets 2000: America's Water Resources at a Turning Point (EPA), 109
Mineral Commodity Summaries, January 2004 (USGS), 152
Municipal Solid Waste in the United States: 2001 Facts and Figures (EPA), 58
National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Biennial Report to Congress: An Integrated Assessment (National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program), 138
National Air Toxic Assessment (EPA), 86
The National Biennial RCRA Hazardous Waste Report (EPA), 54
National Water Quality Inventory (EPA), 110-113
Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage: 1998 and 1999 Market Estimates (Donalson et al.), 142 "Produce Handling and Processing Practices" (Beuchet and Ryu), 165
Protecting and Restoring America's Watersheds (EPA), 117
Questions and Answers about Biological Effects and Potential Hazards of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields (FCC), 156
Soil Calcium Depletion Linked to Acid Rain and Forest Growth in the Eastern United States (USGS), 134, 176
State of the Air: 2003 (American Lung Association), 81
Strategic Plan for the U.S. Climate Change Science Program, 38
Surveillance for Waterborne-Disease Outbreaks—United States, 1999-2000 (CDC), 125-126
Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) Public Data Release Report, 2001, 56, 86
Trends in Precipitation Chemistry in the United States, 1983-1994 (USGS), 138
Two Decades of Clean Air: EPA Assesses Costs and Benefits (EPA), 97
U.S.-Canada 2000 Air Quality Agreement Progress Report (EPA), 138
U.S. Climate Action Report—2002, 37-38
U.S. Organic Farming in 200-2001: Adoption of Certified Systems (Greene and Kremen), 165-166
The U.S. Climate Change Science Program: Vision for the Program and Highlights of the Scientific Strategic Plan, 38
Water 2025: Preventing Crises and Conflict in the West, 108-109
Western National Forests—A Cohesive Strategy Is Needed to Address Catastrophic Wildfire Threats (GAO), 172
Sudden oak death, 174
Sulfate, 129-130
Sulfur dioxide, 84-85, 84(f5.15), 85(f5.16)
Sulfur oxides, 137-138, 137f
Superfund, 65-68, 67t, 68t, 69(f4.12), 116
Surface impoundment, 57
Surface temperature studies, 25
Surface water, 110-116, 110t, 124, 163-164, 164f
Surface water use, 103, 104f, 105(f6.3)
Surveillance for Waterborne-Disease Outbreaks—United States, 1999-2000 (CDC), 125-126
Sustainable development, 11
Swimmability, 113-115
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