Bagel, 13
Ballet schools, 120-121
Balzer, Harry, 143
Bank One, 106
Banting, William, 71, 78
Banzhaf, John F., III, 105
Banzhaf, Richard, 114
Barber, Caesar, 117
Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
defined, 125
low-calorie diets and, 135
Basic Seven Food Guide in the National Wartime Nutrition Guide (U.S. Department of Agriculture), 72
Bassett, David, 89
Bechler, Steve, 95
Behavior
modification for overweight children/adolescents, 66-67
problems of overweight children/adolescents, 65
weight-loss counseling to change, 98
"Behavior Therapy and Sibutramine for the Treatment of Adolescent Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial" (Berkowitz et al.), 66-67
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) obesity prevalence among adults, by characteristics, self-reported data, 1991-2001, 4t
obesity prevalence among adults by state, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data by year, 1991-2001, 3t
obesity trends among adults, 1991-2002, 153f
obesity trends among adults, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2001, 2f
overweight/obesity prevalence data, 10
Behavioral therapy
treatment of overweight children/adolescents, 66-67
weight loss, 96-100
Benefit Design Survey Report (Pharmacy Benefit Management Institute, Inc.), 105
Bent, Stephen, 94
Bentley, Toni, 120-121
Berkowitz, Robert, 66-67
Berman, Richard, 114
Beverages. See Soft drinks
The Beverly Hills Diet (Mazel), 75
BGCA (Boys and Girls Clubs of America), 62t
Bhattacharya, Jayanta, 107
BIA (bioelectric impedance analysis), 9
"Bias, Discrimination, and Obesity" (Puhl and Brownell), 118, 119
Bias, weight-based discrimination, 118-123
See also Discrimination Bile, 37-38
Biliary disease, 38
Biliary system, 38f
"Binge Antecedents in Obese Women with and without Binge Eating Disorder" (Greeno et al.), 44-45
Binge-eating disorders
bulimia, 46
health consequences of, 45t
myth/facts, 128
symptoms of, 44-45
treatment of, 47, 48
Bingeing, 46
Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA), 9
Birth defects, 40
Birth weight
number/percent of births of low birth weight, by race, Hispanic origin of mother, and state or territory, 2002, 6t-7t
percent very low, moderately low, high birth weight births, 1984, 1990, 2002, 5f
rate of very low birth weight, low birth weight, and mean birth weight among singletons by race and Hispanic origin of mother, selected years 1990-2002, 5t
trends in U.S., 2-6
weight gain during pregnancy and, 40
Black/African Americans
birth weight, number/percent of births of low birth weight, by race, Hispanic origin of mother, and state or territory, 2002, 6t-7t
birth weight of, 2, 4
birth weight, rate of very low birth weight, low birth weight, and mean birth weight among singletons by race and Hispanic origin of mother, selected years 1990-2002, 5t
death, leading causes of and number of deaths, according to sex, race, Hispanic origin, 1980 and 2001, 27t-29t
dieting among children/adolescents, 69
hypertension among persons 20 years of age and over, according to sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, 1960-62, 1971-74, 1976-80, 1988-94, 1999-2000, 33t-34t
infant, neonatal, postnatal mortality rates, according to detailed race and Hispanic origin of mother, selected years 1983-2001, 22t-24t
obesity prevalence, age-adjusted, among adults aged 20 years and over, by sex, race/ethnicity, January-June 2003, 13f
overweight children/adolescents, 55, 56
overweight children/adolescents by sex and race-ethnic group, percentage of, 1988-94, 54, 54t
overweight/obesity prevalence, 11
overweight, prevalence of, risk of, among children aged 2 to 5 years, by race/ethnicity, 57 (f4.6)
overweight, prevalence of, risk of, among children aged 2 to 5 years, by race/ethnicity, 1992-2001, 57 (f4.7)
prevention program, 139
self-assessed weight status and demographic characteristics, 1994-96, 156, 157 (t 11.5)
size changes in, 159
Blagojevich, Rod, 116
Blizzard, Rick
"Do Unhealthy Americans Get Too Much Respect?", 164
on exercise, 168
"Majority of Boomers Say They're Overweight", 160
Blood
health risk from overweight/obesity, 34-35
Type 2 diabetes, 35-36
Blood cholesterol
heart disease and, 72
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III: Age-adjusted prevalence of high blood cholesterol according to body mass index, 32 (f2.2)
Blood lipids, 62
Blood pressure
blood pressure levels for the 90th and 95th percentiles of blood pressure for boys ages 1 to 17 years, 62t
blood pressure levels for the 90th and 95th percentiles of blood pressure for girls ages 1 to 17 years, 63t
hypertension and, 33
in overweight children/adolescents, 63
Blood sugar
fatty liver disease and, 38
low-carbohydrate diets and, 80-81
BMI. See Body mass index
BMR. See Basal metabolic rate
Body fat
measurement of, 8-9
overweight/obesity definition and, 7
Body image
dieting and, 45
eating disorders in children/adolescents and, 68
prevention of eating disorders and, 48-50
promotion of size/weight acceptance, 122-123
"Body Mass Index and Overweight in Adolescents in 13 European Countries, Israel, and the United States" (Lissau), 51
Body mass index (BMI)
age, body mass index, percentile, 51t
blood pressure in childhood and, 63
boys, percentiles by age, aged 2 to 20 years, 52f
calculation of, 11 (t 1.7)
for children/adolescents, 51
classification of overweight and obesity by body mass index, 11 (t 1.8)
classification of overweight/obesity by body mass index, waist circumference, associated disease risk, 10t
girls, percentiles by age, aged 2 to 20 years, 53f
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III: Age-adjusted prevalence of high blood cholesterol according to body mass index, 32 (f2.2)
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III: Age-adjusted prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol according to body mass index, 32 (f2.3)
overweight/obesity assessment with, 9
risk of stroke and, 35
table, 8t
trends in overweight: body mass index > 95th percentile, selected periods 1963-70 through 1999, 54 (f4.4)
weight-loss recommendations based on, 100
weight-loss surgery and, 95
Bogden, Jim, 60
Bouchard, Claude, 41
Bow Wow (hip-hop artist), 168
Boys
body mass index percentiles by age, boys aged 2 to 20 years, 52f
eating disorders in, 68-69
See also Children/adolescents, overweight/obesity
Boys and Girls Clubs of America (BGCA), 62t
Braun, Carol Moseley, 115
Bravata, Dena, 82
Breast cancer
birth weight linked to, 4-5
cost related to obesity, 103
health risk from overweight/obesity, 39
Breastfeeding, 5-6
Breath, 39
Brody, Jane, 110
Brown, Patricia Leigh, 120
Brownell, Kelly
"Bias, Discrimination, and Obesity", 118, 119
food industry and overweight, 14-15
origins of stigma/bias, 121, 122
WHO plan and, 111-112
Brundtland, Gro Harlem, 142
Bulimia nervosa
in children/adolescents, 68
described, 46
dieting and onset of, 45
genetic factors of, 30
health consequences of, 45t
treatment of, 47-48
Burchett, Tim, 116
Burton, Wayne, 106
Bush, George W., 113
Bushman, Brad, 166-167
Business, cost of obesity, 106-108
Butte, Nancy F., 5
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