Library Index :: American Families and other Social Issues

Men Women and the Family - Declining Birth Rates, Artificial Reproduction, Women Redefine Their Role, Working Families, Custodial Parents

Three trends greatly changed the composition of the American family beginning in the early 1960s: a lower fertility rate; an increase in the number of births among young unmarried women; and women—especially working women—delaying childbearing.

According to data from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), in 2002 there were 4,021,726 live births in the United States, 136,485 fewer than 1990. Between 1990 and 2002 the crude birth rate fell 17%, from 16.7 to 13.9 births per one thousand population. The fertility rate declined 9%, from 70.9 to 64.8 live births per one thousand women aged fifteen to forty-four. The most dramatic decline in fertility rate was the 24% drop among African-American women. (See Figure 2.1.)

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