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Crime - Minorities As Offenders

school related students hate

African-Americans—particularly males—commit a higher number of offenses as a proportion of the population than other groups. Between 1976 and 2002, 52.1% of FIGURE 7.3 Percentage of students in grades 9-12 who reported drugs were made available to them on school property during the previous 12 months, by race/ethnicity, 2003 "Figure 10.2. Percentage of Students in Grades 9-12 Who Reported Drugs Were Made Available to Them on School Property during the Previous 12 Months, by Race/Ethnicity: 2003," in Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2005, U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics and U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, November 2005, http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2006/2006001.pdf (accessed February 3, 2006) FIGURE 7.4 Percentage of students ages 12-18 who reported being targets of hate-related words and seeing hate-related graffiti at school during the previous 6 months, by selected student and school characteristics, 2003 "Figure 11.1. Percentage of Students Ages 12-18 Who Reported Being Targets of Hate-Related Words and Seeing Hate-Related Graffiti at School during the Previous 6 Months, by Selected Student and School Characteristics: 2003," in Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2005, U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics and U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, November 2005, http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2006/2006001.pdf (accessed February 3, 2006) TABLE 7.7 Percentage of students ages 12-18 who reported being targets of hate-related words at school during the previous 6 months, by selected student and school characteristics, 2003 "Table 11.2. Percentage of Students Ages 12-18 Who Reported Being Targets of Hate-Related Words at School during the Previous 6 Months, by Selected Student and School Characteristics: 2003," in Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2005, U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics and U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, November 2005, http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2006/2006001.pdf (accessed February 3, 2006)murders were perpetrated by African-Americans. (See Table 7.4.) African-American males between the ages of fourteen and twenty-four made up a growing proportion of homicide offenders between 1976 and 2002. In 1994 African- American males between the ages of fourteen and twenty-four made up more than 30% of homicide offenders, but that number dropped somewhat by 2002. (See Figure 7.5.)

TABLE 7.7
Percentage of students ages 12-18 who reported being targets of hate-related words at school during the previous 6 months, by selected student and school characteristics, 2003
Student or school characteristic Totala Hate-related words to student's characteristics
Race Ethnicity Religion Disability Gender Sexual orientation
Note: "At school" means in the school building, on school property, on a school bus, or going to and from school. Population size for students ages 12-18 is 25,684,000 in 2003.
aIn the School Crime Supplement (SCS) questionnaire, students were asked if they were the targets of hate-related words at school. If the students responded that they were called a hate-related word, they were asked to choose the specific characteristics that the hate-related word targeted. Students were allowed to choose more than one characteristic. If a student chose more than one characteristic, he or she is counted once under the "total" category. Therefore, the percentage of students who reported being called a hate-related word is less than the sum of all the individual characteristics.
bOther includes Asians, Pacific Islanders, and American Indians (including Alaska Natives). In 2003, students were given the option of identifying themselves as more than one race. For this report, non-Hispanic students who identified themselves as more than one race in 2003 (1 percent of all respondents) were included in the other category. Respondents who identified themselves as being of Hispanic origin are classified as Hispanic, regardless of their race. Due to changes in race/ethnicity categories, comparisons of race/ethnicity across years should be made with caution.
SOURCE: "Table 11.2. Percentage of Students Ages 12-18 Who Reported Being Targets of Hate-Related Words at School during the Previous 6 Months, by Selected Student and School Characteristics: 2003," in Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2005, U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics and U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, November 2005, http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2006/2006001.pdf (accessed February 3, 2006)
Total 11.7 4.0 2.4 1.4 1.1 2.3 1.3
Sex
Male 12.0 4.8 3.0 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.4
Female 11.3 3.3 1.7 1.4 0.9 3.6 1.2
Race/ethnicityb
White 10.9 2.4 1.3 1.6 1.2 2.5 1.7
Black 14.2 7.0 3.3 0.9 1.2 2.7 1.1
Hispanic 11.4 5.5 4.8 1.1 0.9 1.4 0.5
Other 14.1 9.0 4.2 1.3 1.0 1.7 0.4
Grade
6th 11.9 3.9 2.7 0.7 1.8 1.3 0.7
7th 12.5 4.4 3.2 1.4 1.6 2.3 1.0
8th 12.8 4.0 1.8 1.2 1.1 2.8 1.5
9th 13.5 4.5 1.9 1.9 1.0 3.1 1.9
10th 11.6 3.9 2.8 1.6 1.2 2.5 1.8
11th 8.3 3.3 2.5 1.0 0.7 1.5 0.7
12th 10.8 3.9 2.0 1.4 0.7 2.2 1.2
Urbanicity
Urban 13.2 5.4 3.5 1.3 1.2 2.4 1.3
Suburban 10.7 3.6 2.0 1.3 1.0 2.4 1.3
Rural 12.2 3.1 1.7 1.9 1.4 1.9 1.3
Sector
Public 11.9 4.0 2.4 1.3 1.1 2.3 1.3
Private 9.7 3.7 1.9 1.7 0.6 2.1 1.4

The circumstances under which African-American and white homicide offenders committed their crimes varied by race. African-American offenders were most likely to commit homicides related to illegal drug activity. Between 1976 and 2002, 65.5% of homicide offenders who had committed their crimes under drug-related circumstances were African-American. A high proportion of felony murders (deaths that occur during such violent crimes as burglary, sexual assault, or robbery) between those years were committed by African-Americans (59.2%) as well. By contrast, whites committed a disproportionate number of workplace murders (69.7%), sex-related murders (55.2%), and gang-related murders (54.3%). (See Table 7.4.)

Whites were more likely than African-Americans to commit homicide in the context of an intimate victim-offender relationship or family relationship. Between 1976 and 2002 whites committed 54% of homicides of intimate partners, while African-Americans committed 43.9%. During the same period, whites committed 58.8% of homicides of family members, while African-Americans committed 38.9% of those murders. (See Table 7.4.)

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